What Are Xeljanz and Enbrel?
Understanding Arthritis: A Brief Overview
Arthritis affects millions of Americans, causing pain, inflammation, and joint stiffness. Two popular prescription medications in the U.S., Xeljanz (tofacitinib) and Enbrel (etanercept), have revolutionized arthritis management, particularly for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and other inflammatory conditions.
Let’s explore how each medication works, their benefits, potential side effects, and key differences to help patients make informed choices.
What Is Xeljanz?
Xeljanz (tofacitinib) is a prescription oral medication, classified as a JAK inhibitor. It works by reducing inflammation directly at the cellular level, offering effective relief from moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ulcerative colitis.
Advantages of Xeljanz:
Oral pill form (convenient, no injections)
Rapid symptom relief (within weeks for some patients)
Can be used as monotherapy or combined with methotrexate
Common side effects include:
Infections (colds, flu)
Elevated cholesterol levels
Headache and stomach upset
What Is Enbrel?
Enbrel (etanercept) is an injectable biologic medication known as a TNF inhibitor. It's FDA-approved for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis. Enbrel targets andneutralizes the protein (TNF-alpha) that causes chronic inflammation.
Advantages of Enbrel:
Proven long-term safety record (over two decades)
Effective in reducing joint damage progression
Available in easy-to-use self-injection pens
Common side effects include:
Injection site reactions
Increased risk of infections
Upper respiratory symptoms (cough, sinusitis)
Xeljanz vs. Enbrel: Which Is Right for You?
Choosing between Xeljanz and Enbrel depends on several factors:
Preference for oral medication (Xeljanz) vs. injectable (Enbrel)
Insurance coverage and affordability
Personal medical history (e.g., infections, liver function, or cardiovascular concerns)
Always discuss your medical history and treatment expectations with your healthcare provider to find the optimal solution for your arthritis management.
Cost and Coverage (USA 2025)
Both medications are typically covered by insurance but may require prior authorization.
Manufacturer copay assistance programs are available to reduce patient costs significantly.
Generic or biosimilar versions might be available, reducing costs further, particularly for Enbrel.
Final Thoughts on Arthritis Management
Xeljanz and Enbrel have transformed arthritis treatment, allowing millions of Americans to regain quality of life. Regular medical follow-ups, proper lifestyle modifications, and careful medication adherence are essential for best outcomes.